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KMID : 0903620010420010032
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
2001 Volume.42 No. 1 p.32 ~ p.37
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Effects of Plant Growth Regulators, Bud Length , Donor Plant Age , Low Temperature Treatment and Glucose Concentration on Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Anther Culture of Cherry Tomato ´ Mini - carol ´
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Abstract
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This experiment was conducted to determine the optimum conditions such as plant growth regulators, bud length, donor plant age, low temperature treatment, and glucose concentration influencing anther culture in cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). As simplified criteria for microspore developmental stage, the relationship between the flower bud length and the microspore developmental stage was determined. The major microspore from the flower bud less than 1.5 ㎜ was premeiotic to prophase stage, flower bud between 1.7 to 2.0 ㎜ was prophase to metaphase I, flower bud between 2.0 to 2.5 ㎜ was anaphase I to telophase II, flower bud between 3.0 to 4.0 ㎜ was uninucleate to binucleate, and flower bud greater than 4.1 ㎜ was mature pollen, respectively Among 10 treatments of plant growth regulator (IAA: 1, 2, 3 ㎎·L^(-1), Zip: 0.5, 1, 2 ㎎·L^(-1)) combinations, 2 ㎎·L^(-1) IAA + 1 ㎎·L^(-1) Zip showed the highest callus formation rate (65.0%), while 2 ㎎·L^(-1) IAA + 2 ㎎·L^(-1) Zip and 3 ㎎·L^(-1) IAA+2 ㎎·L^(-1) Zip showed the highest shoot regeneration rate (15.7 and 16.5%, respectively). The highest callus induction rate (48.2%) and shoot regeneration rate (6.8%) took place in anthers derived from the flower bud between 1.7 to 2.5 ㎜ in length, indicating that the microspores at prophase to telophase II were the major ones to response to anther culture. As one of physiological effects, the anthers from 15 days after flowering showed the highest callus formation (57.4%) and shoot regeneration (9.9%). As an optimum low temperature pretreatment of cherry tomato anther, 48 hours at 4℃ was the best for callus formation (63.9%) and shoot regeneration (16.8%). Twenty g·L^(-1) of glucose added to the medium showed the highest plant regeneration rate (27.1%) and higher callus induction rate (55%). The regenerated shoots were transferred to root induction medium (1/2MS supplemented with 2 ㎎·L^(-1) IBA+0.5 ㎎·L^(-1) GA₃), when they reached to 2 ㎝ long.
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